Clinical significance of the M-POSSUM, NRS2002 in predicting surgical risk of general surgery / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To evaluate the effect of M-POSSUM and NRS2002 in predicting the postoperative complications and mortality of abdominal surgery in general surgery.Methods:The M-POSSUM score and NRS2002 score of 121 patients undergoing abdominal major surgery in Department of general surgery were measured by continuous fixed-point sampling,and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was compared between the two methods.The levels of serum albumin,prealbumin and complications were recorded 1,3 and 7 days after operation.Results:The scores of M-POSSUM and NRS2002 in the complication group were significantly higher than those in the non complication group.The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The scores of M-POSSUM and NRS2002 in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group(P＜0.05).The area under curve(AUC) of M-POSSUM,NRS2002 score and the combination of the two methods were 0.795,0.714 and 0.826 respectively.The AUC for predicting mortality were 0.904,0.871,and 0.935,respectively.Albumin and prealbumin were significantly lower than those before operation on 1 day,3 day and 7 day(P＜0.05).The values of albumin and prealbumin in the patients without complications increased significantly on the 7 day after surgery(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between the patients with complications and the 3 days after operation(P＞0.05).Conclusion:M-POSSUM score and NRS2002 score can effectively predict the complications and mortality after general surgery.Patients with major abdominal surgery have higher nutritional risk,and albumin and prealbumin are significantly lower than those before operation,suggesting that the incidence of complications may increase.

Analysis the viral etiology of fever and respiratory tract infection syndrome in Shaanxi province / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Analysis the viral pathogenic spectrum for patients with fever and respiratory tract infection syndrome in Shaanxi province during 2010 and investigate the molecular epidemiology characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 208 patients' pharyngeal swabs were collected based on surveillance definition from January 2010 to January 2011 and screened for sixteen human respiratory virus types/subtypes by Qiaxcel-based multiplex reverse transcription-PCR assay, including HRV,HCoV, Flu, HPIV, ADV, HRSV, HMPV and HBoV and investigate molecular epidemiology of HRSV by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the C-terminal second hypervariable region of the G gene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>109 out of 208 specimens (53%) were positive for one or more viruses. HRSV(42. 2%) was the dominant pathogen detected, followed by Flu(24. 5%), PIV(20%), HRV(13.6%) and ADV( 10.9%),there were also 8 strains of HCoV, 5 strains of HMPV and 3 strains of HBoV detected. The results showed that 22 specimens were positive for two or more viruses, PIV (14/22) was the most frequently detected viral agent among co-infection specimens, and the highest incidence of mixed infection is aged 15-39 years group (P < 0.05). The overall viral detection rate was no related to age. In addition to Flu, HMPV and PIV, other viruses (HRV, HBoV, HCoV, ADV, RSV) mainly infected 0 to 4 years old children. Among 46 HRSV positive specimens, 42 HRSV-A strains clustered into NA1 genotype and two HRSV-B strains clustered into two genotypes, BA9 and GB2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HRSV is the dominate pathogen collected from patients with fever and respiratory tract infection syndrome in Shaanxi and HRSV A is the predominant subtype. For most viruses, infection was most prevalent among children aged <4 years. PIV was the most common pathogen in co-infection.</p>

Comparison of direct immune-fluorescent assay and real-time quantitative PCR in detecting the Hantavirus / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the differences between the direct immuno-fluorescent assay (DFA) and real-time quantitative PCR in detecting the Hantavirus (HV) in rat lungs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From April to October in 2012, a total of 479 rats were caught by mouse-trap in residential or wild areas in Huxian, Jingyang, and Meixian of Shaanxi province, where haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) was highly prevalent. The rats were dissected to take the two lungs, one was frozen and applied immuno-fluorescent assay to detect HV antigen while the other one was extracted its RNA and detected HV nucleic acid by real-time quantitative PCR. Then we compared the positive rate of the two methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Out of the 479 rats, 105 were caught from residential areas and the other 374 were caught from wild areas. Among the 105 rats caught from residential areas, no HV were detected out neither by DFA nor by real-time quantitative PCR. Among the 374 wild rats, 13.1% (49/374) were detected HV positive by DFA and 14.7% (55/374) were detected HV positive by real-time quantitative PCR. The difference showed no statistical significance (χ(2) = 0.402, P = 0.526). When detecting each lung sample, the HV positive rate was 10.2% (49/479) under the detection by DFA while the HV positive rate was 11.5% (55/479) under the detection by real-time quantitative PCR. The difference had no statistical significance (χ(2) = 1.286, P = 0.257) and the consistency coefficient was 68.2% under the paired chi-square test analysis, which showed high consistency (u = 11.759, P < 0.05). The sensitivity of real-time quantitative PCR to detect HV was 77.6% (38/49) comparing with DFA as standard, and the specificity was 96.1% (413/430). Out of the 9 suspected HV positive sample detected by DFA, 6 were confirmed positive by real-time quantitative PCR and 3 were denied.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with the DFA, real-time quantitative PCR could also be used to detect the infection of HV in rats, and the result might be more stable.</p>

Long term epidemiological effects of vaccination on hemorrhagical fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Shaanxi provincial HFRS epidemic areas / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the protective rate and the variation of HFRS-IgG on hemorrhagical fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) vaccine.Methods Cluster,random sampling and cross-sectional study were used to assess the protective rate of HFRS vaccination.Level of HFRS-IgG was detected with ELISA in epidemic and non-epidemic areas of HFRS.Results Curve equation was obtained as Yprocective rate=(0.863+0.283/Xvaccination term) × 100％ by protective rate with vaccination term.Protective rates showed a reducing trend,90％ after 7-8 years of vaccination,88％ after 10 years,and 94％ on average.Absorbance (A) value of HFRS-IgG was 4 times higher in persons with vaccination than those without,in the epidemic area.Higher antibody level could be obtained after primary vaccination,but the level of antibody had a 50％ reduction after 5-10 years of vaccination,and a 60％ reduction after 10 years of vaccination.Conclusion HFRS antibody had a 50％ reduction after 5-10 years of vaccination.The protective rate of HFRS vaccination had a 90％ loss,after 7-8 years of vaccination.Booster dose was necessary after 7 years of vaccination.

Detection of hantaan virus from gamasid mite and chigger mite by molecular biological methods / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the proliferation and location of hantaan virus (HV) in gamasid mites and chigger mites.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HV RNA in gamasid mites and chigger mites were detected by reverse transcription, polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) and in situ hybridization.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The smallest quantity of mite from which HV RNA could be detected was 5 mites group. The titers of -and proliferated in mites HV RNA could be found in ovary cells and dug cells of gamasid mites and chigger mites by in situ hybridization.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results showed that HV could be trans-stadially transmitted and proliferated in mites, and HV always located in ovary and dug organs of mites. These results provide direct evidence at molecular level for the role of gamasid mites and chigger mites as vectors in transmission of HV.</p>